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If anyone has stopped breathing,
give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Stop any bleeding injury by applying direct pressure to the wound. Do not move seriously injured people unless they are in immediate danger of further injury. Cover injured persons with blankets to keep them warm.
Keep a battery-powered radio with you so you can listen for emergency updates and news reports.
Be aware of possible tsunamis 'if you live in a coastal area. Tsunamis are also known as seismic sea waves. When local authorities issue a tsunami warning, assume that a series of dangerous waves is on the way. Move inland to higher ground as quickly as possible.
Do not use the telephone unless there is a severe injury. For more detailed emergency procedures, consult your first aid manual.
Wear shoes in areas near fallen debris or broken glass.
If possible, put out small fires. If not, leave your home immediately, notify the fire department if possible, and alert your neighbors.
Use a battery-powered flashlight to inspect your home. Turn the C ashlight on outside, before
entering, because the battery may produce a
spark that could ignite leaking gas, if present.
Check gas, electrical, and water lines, and check appliances for damage. If you smell gas or see a broken line, shut off the main valve from the outside. Do not switch on the lectricity again until the power company has �first checked your home. Remember, if gas is turned off, a professional must restore service. Do not search for gas leaks with a lighted match.Caution: Do not use electrical switches or appliances if gas leaks are suspected, because sparks can ignite gas from broken lines.
Switch off electrical power if there is damage to your house electrical wiring. If the situation is unsafe, leave your home and seek help.
Do not touch downed lines or broken appliances.
Check the building for cracks and damage,particularly around chimneys and masonry walls. Leave immediately if it looks like the building might collapse. Use fireplaces only if the chimney has no damage and no cracks.
Clean up spilled medicines, bleaches, and gasoline and other flammable liquids.
Check to see that water and sewage lines are intact before using the toilet. Plug bathtub and sink drains to prevent sewage backup.
Check water and food supplies. If the water is cut off, use emergency water supplies — in water heaters and melted ice cubes. Throw out all food that may be spoiled or contaminated.
Check closets and cupboards. Open doors cautiously. Beware of objects tumbling off shelves.
Use charcoal or gas grills for emergency cooking, only out of doors.
Do not use your car, unless there is an emergency. Do not go sightseeing through areas of damage. You will only hamper the relief effort. Keep streets clear for the
passage of emergency vehicles.
Be prepared for aftershocks. These secondary earthquakes are usually less violent than the main quake, but they can be strong enough to cause additional damage and weaken buildings. Stay away from damage areas unless your assistance has been specically requested by police, fire, or relief organizations.
Post a message in clear view that states where you can be found. Take your Disaster Supplies Kit. List reunion points in case of separation. Such points may be the homes of neighbors, friends, or relatives; schools; or community centers. Use the blanks below to list reunion points.
如果有人呼吸停止
进行口对口人工呼吸。如有流血的外伤，立即直接压迫伤处止血。除非有伤情扩大的紧急危险，不要移动重伤员。 用毛毯包裹伤员，以保持体温。
随身携带用干电池供电的收音机，以获取最新的救援消息和新闻报道。
临海居住的人们要警惕可能会引发的海啸。海啸是地震引发的海浪。若当地政府发布了海啸预警，要意识到危险的海浪正在逼近。这时要尽快撤到内陆的高地。
除非伤势严重，不要使用电话。如果需要了解更详细的急救程序，请查询急救指南。
当附近有掉落的碎片和玻璃渣时，一定要穿鞋。
尽可能熄灭火苗。如果无法火势已无法熄灭，要迅速离开家中，尽可能通知消防队，并提醒邻居。
用干电池供电的手电筒检查自家房屋。进屋前就要打开电筒，因为如果屋内煤气泄漏，电池会引起火花。
检查燃气管道、电线和水管，检查各电器的受损情况。 如果闻到煤气味儿，或看到管道破裂，要关掉从外面进屋的管道的主阀门。在供电局来您家做过安全检查之前，不要再合上电闸。谨记：燃气闸关闭后，必须由专业人员重新打开。不要点燃火柴来寻找燃气泄漏处。注意：若怀疑煤气管道泄漏，不要拨动电源开关或使用电器，因为产生的火花会点燃泄漏的燃气。
如果家里电线受损，'要'切断电源。如果情形不安全，要离开房屋，寻求救援。
切莫触摸掉落的电线或受损的电器。
检查建筑是否有裂缝和危险，尤其是烟筒与砖砌墙周围。如果建筑有坍塌的迹象，要迅速撤离。除非确定烟囱没有受损，也没有裂缝，否则不要使用壁炉。
清除溢出的药品，漂白剂、汽油和其他易燃易爆液体。
如厕前要检查水管与下水道，确保它们完好无损。塞好浴缸与水槽的下水口，以免污水倒流。
检查水与食物供应。如果水源被切断，使用热水器里的水或融化的食用冰块水救急。扔掉所有可能变质或受污染的食物。
检查壁橱和食橱。开门要当心。注意躲避架上可能掉落的物品。
紧急状态下，如须做饭，只有在户外才能使用木炭和煤气烤架。
除非情况危急，不要驾车。不要穿越受灾区域去看热闹，这样只会妨碍救援行动。为使救援车辆通行无阻，要保持街道畅通。
谨防余震。这些余震虽然一般较主震为弱，但也足以造成进一步损害，并使建筑物更脆弱。除非警方、消防队或救援组织请求你提供协助，否则请远离灾区。
贴出醒目的留言注明在哪可以找到你。带上你的灾害应急包。列出重新汇合的地点，以免在撤离过程中与家人失散。这些地点可以是邻居家、朋友家或亲戚家，也可以是学校或社区中心。在下面的空白栏处记下这些汇合地点.
可由以下渠道得知关于地震灾害的信息和防震减灾的方法： Information about earthquake hazards and measures for reducing risks is available from the following:
FEMA / U.S. Department of Homeland Security
500 C Street, SW.
Washington, DC 20472
The National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program
http://www.fema.gov/hazards/earthquakes/nehrp/
FEMA Publications:
You can order printed copies of the following publications by calling the FEMA Distribution Facility at 1-800-480-2520. As noted, some are available for download from the FEMA website.
After Disaster Strikes. FEMA 292. Available in both English and Spanish.
Are You Ready? An In-depth Guide to Citizen Preparedness, IS-22, August 2004. Full publication and individual sections available online in both English and Spanish at http://www.fema.gov/preparedness/prepare_ guides_links.shtm.
Before Disaster Strikes, FEMA 291. Available in both English and Spanish.
Earthquake Home Hazard Hunt, FEMA 528, September 2005.
Food and Water in an Emergency, FEMA 477, August 2004.
Available online in both English and Spanish at http://www.fema.gov/preparedness/prepare_guides_links.shtm.
Helping Children Cope with Disaster, FEMA 478, August 2004.
Available online in both English and Spanish at http://www.fema.
gov/preparedness/prepare_guides_links.shtm.
Preparing for Disaster for People with Disabilities and Special Needs,
FEMA 476, August 2004. Available online in both English and Spanish at http://www.fema.gov/preparedness/prepare_guides_ links.shtm.
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
For earthquake information, consult the USGS Earthquake Hazards
Program at:
American Red Cross
National Headquarters
2025 E Street, NW.
Washington, DC 20006
http://www.redcross.org
